Articles in Haematology & Oncology (2)

Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncological emergency driven by massive cytolysis and the release of intracellular ions and nucleic acids into the circulation, diagnosed via Cairo-Bishop laboratory and clinical criteria and managed with aggressive hydration and rasburicase.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a serious immune-mediated adverse reaction caused by antibodies against platelet factor 4 (PF4)-heparin complexes, leading to platelet activation and a paradoxical hypercoagulable state. Diagnosis relies on the 4Ts pre-test probability score combined with anti-PF4/heparin immunoassays and functional assays, while management requires immediate cessation of all heparin and initiation of non-heparin anticoagulation.