NCBI STATPEARLS + PUBMED + OPEN-I VERIFIED SEED TAXONOMY

Taxonomía Clínica Maestra de Medipaedia.org (Por Especialidad y CIE-10/11)

Matriz de referencia clínica estandarizada de 10 secciones en 19 Especialidades Médicas con códigos CIE-10/11 verificados, tríadas clásicas, pruebas diagnósticas de elección y protocolos de primera línea.

Las 19 Especialidades (60)Cardiología Neumología Gastroenterología y Hepatología Nefrología y Urología Neurología Endocrinología y Metabolismo Hematología y Oncología Enfermedades Infecciosas Reumatología e Inmunología Urgencias y Cuidados Intensivos Cirugía General y Especialidades Pediatría Obstetricia y Ginecología Dermatología Psiquiatría Oftalmología y ORL Patología y Medicina de Laboratorio Traumatología y Ortopedia Radiología e Imagen Médica

#	Tema, Especialidad y CIE-10/11	Tríada Clásica / Presentación	Prueba Diagnóstica de Elección	Tratamiento de Primera Línea	Estado
1	Acute pericarditis ICD-10: I30.9 ICD-11: BB20.Z Cardiología	Pleuritic chest pain relieved by sitting forward + Pericardial friction rub + Widespread concave ST elevation & PR depression	12-Lead ECG + Transthoracic Echocardiography (≥2 of 4 ESC Criteria)	High-dose Aspirin (750–1000 mg q8h) or Ibuprofen (600 mg q8h) + Colchicine (0.5 mg OD/BD for 3 months)	✓ Publicado (mID 10001)
2	ST-elevation myocardial infarction ICD-10: I21.3 ICD-11: BA41.0 Cardiología	Crushing retrosternal chest pain >20 min + Diaphoresis/autonomic surge + Contiguous J-point ST elevation (or new LBBB)	12-Lead ECG within 10 min of FMC + Emergency Coronary Angiography	Immediate DAPT loading (Aspirin 300 mg + Ticagrelor 180 mg / Prasugrel 60 mg) + Primary PCI within 120 minutes	✓ Publicado (mID 10002)
3	Atrial fibrillation ICD-10: I48.91 ICD-11: BC81.3 Cardiología	Irregularly irregular pulse + Absence of distinct P waves on ECG + Variable ventricular rate (palpitations/dyspnoea)	12-Lead ECG (or ≥30s single-lead rhythm strip showing absent P waves and irregular RR intervals)	CHA₂DS₂-VASc stroke anticoagulation (DOAC: Apixaban/Rivaroxaban) + Rate control (Bisoprolol/Diltiazem) or Rhythm control	✓ Publicado (mID 10016)
4	Infective endocarditis (modified Duke criteria) ICD-10: I33.0 ICD-11: BB40 Cardiología	Persistent fever + New regurgitant heart murmur + Embolic/immunological phenomena (Janeway lesions, Osler nodes, splinter haemorrhages)	3 sets of peripheral blood cultures prior to antibiotics + Transoesophageal Echocardiography (TOE/TEE)	Empiric IV bactericidal antibiotics (Amoxicillin + Flucloxacillin + Gentamicin or Vancomycin) for 4–6 weeks + early valve surgery if heart failure	✓ Publicado (mID 10018)
5	Cardiac tamponade (Beck triad) ICD-10: I31.4 ICD-11: BB24 Cardiología	Beck's Triad: Systemic hypotension + Distended neck veins (raised JVP with absent y-descent) + Muffled heart sounds (+ Pulsus paradoxus >10 mmHg)	Bedside Transthoracic Echocardiography (diastolic RV collapse, systolic RA collapse, swinging heart, electrical alternans on ECG)	Immediate ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis (or surgical pericardiotomy in traumatic/post-cardiotomy tamponade)	✓ Publicado (mID 10019)
6	Aortic dissection ICD-10: I71.00 ICD-11: BD50.0 Cardiología	Sudden tearing interscapular chest/back pain + Inter-arm BP differential >20 mmHg / pulse deficit + Mediastinal widening / aortic regurgitation	ECG-gated CT Aortography (CTA) demonstrating intimal flap separating true and false lumens (TOE if unstable)	Anti-impulse therapy (IV Labetalol/Esmolol targeting HR <60 bpm and SBP 100–120 mmHg) + Emergency surgical repair for Stanford Type A	✓ Publicado (mID 10020)
7	Brugada syndrome ICD-10: I49.8 ICD-11: BC65.0 Cardiología	Type 1 coved ST-segment elevation ≥2 mm in V1–V2 + Negative T wave + Syncope or nocturnal polymorphic VT/VF in structurally normal heart	12-Lead ECG with high precordial leads (2nd/3rd intercostal space) ± Sodium channel blocker provocation (Ajmaline/Flecainide)	Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) for cardiac arrest survivors/spontaneous Type 1 + syncope; aggressive antipyretics during fever	✓ Publicado (mID 10009)
8	De Winter T waves ICD-10: I21.0 ICD-11: BA41.0 Cardiología	Upsloping J-point ST depression (1–3 mm) in V1–V6 + Tall, prominent symmetric hyperacute T waves + ST elevation (0.5–2 mm) in lead aVR	12-Lead ECG (recognized immediately as an acute proximal LAD occlusion STEMI equivalent) + Emergent Coronary Angiography	Immediate Cath Lab activation for Primary PCI + Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (Aspirin + Ticagrelor/Prasugrel) + Anticoagulation	✓ Publicado (mID 10010)
9	Sgarbossa criteria ICD-10: I21.9 ICD-11: BA41 Cardiología	Concordant ST elevation ≥1 mm in positive QRS lead (5 pts) + Concordant ST depression ≥1 mm in V1–V3 (3 pts) + Smith-modified discordant STE/S-wave ratio ≤ -0.25	12-Lead ECG using Smith-Modified Sgarbossa Rule in LBBB or Ventricular Paced Rhythm	Treat immediately as STEMI equivalent -> Emergent Primary PCI reperfusion protocol	✓ Publicado (mID 10011)
10	Dressler syndrome ICD-10: I24.1 ICD-11: BB20.2 Cardiología	Fever + Pleuritic pericarditic chest pain (2–8 weeks post-MI or cardiac surgery) + Pericardial/pleural effusion with elevated CRP/ESR	Transthoracic Echocardiography + 12-Lead ECG + Inflammatory markers (CRP/ESR) after excluding recurrent ischaemia	High-dose Aspirin (750–1000 mg q8h) + Colchicine (0.5 mg BD for 3 months)	✓ Publicado (mID 10012)
11	Takotsubo cardiomyopathy ICD-10: I51.81 ICD-11: BC43.4 Cardiología	Acute chest pain/dyspnoea after severe emotional/physical stressor + Transient LV apical ballooning + Absence of obstructive culprit coronary artery disease	Coronary Angiography with Left Ventriculography + Transthoracic Echocardiography / Cardiac MRI (InterTAK Criteria)	Supportive heart failure therapy (ACE inhibitor/ARB + Beta-blocker); avoid inotropes if LV outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) is present	✓ Publicado (mID 10013)